RO (Reverse Osmosis) reverse osmosis fasahar ne ta amfani da matsin lamba bambanci domin ikon membrane raba tacewa fasahar, ya samo asali ne daga Amurka a shekarun 1960 da sararin samaniya kimiyya da fasahar bincike, bayan a hankali ya fassara zuwa fararen hula, a halin yanzu da yawa amfani da bincike, magani, abinci, abin sha, teku ruwa desalination da sauran fannoni.

RO reverse osmosis membrane aperture karami zuwa nano-matakin (1nm = 10-9 (1 miliyan) mita), a karkashin wani matsin lamba, H2O kwayoyin za su iya wuce RO membrane, yayin da raw ruwa mara kyau gishiri, nauyi karfe ions, organic abubuwa, colloids, kwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta da sauran gurɓataccen abubuwa ba za su iya wuce RO membrane, don haka ya sa tsabta bambanci tsabta ruwa da ba za a iya wucewa da m ruwa.

Janar ruwa mai fitarwa ta hanyar R O membrane tacewa bayan tsabtace ruwa wutar lantarki iya kai 5μs / cm (R O membrane tacewa bayan fitar da ruwa wutar lantarki = shigar da ruwa wutar lantarki × (1-kawar da gishiri rate), janar shigo da reverse osmosis membrane kawar da gishiri rate iya kai sama da 99%, a cikin shekaru 5 aiki zai iya tabbatar da sama da 97%. Don buƙatun fitarwar ruwa mafi girma, za a iya amfani da matakai biyu na reverse osmosis, sa'an nan kuma bayan sarrafawa mai sauƙi, fitarwar ruwa ta kasa da 2μs / cm), daidai da ƙa'idodin amfani da ruwa na mataki na uku na dakin gwaje-gwaje na ƙasa. Ta hanyar atomic madaidaicin ion musayar ginshiki zagaye tacewa ko EDI kayan aiki, fitar da ruwa juriya iya kai 18.2MΩ · cm, fiye da kasa dakin gwaje-gwaje matakin ruwa (GB6682-2008).

Shirya ruwa na sararin samaniya, tsabtace ruwa, ruwa mai tsabtace da sauransu; Giya brewing da kuma rainfall amfani da ruwa; Shirye-shiryen ruwa na magani, lantarki da sauran masana'antu; Concentration, rabuwa, tsaftacewa da kuma rarraba ruwa shirye-shiryen sinadarai; boiler samar da ruwa kawar da gishiri m ruwa; desalination na ruwan teku, ruwan gishiri; Takarda, electroplating, buga launi da sauran masana'antun ruwa da kuma sharar ruwa treatment.

1, Single matakin reverse osmosis tsarin

Single matakin reverse osmosis, dace da ingancin ruwa da wutar lantarki conductivity kasa da 500μs / cm, fitarwa juriya iya kai 0.2-0.1MΩ · cm (wutar lantarki conductivity 10-5μs / cm). A daya matakin reverse osmosis desalination iya kai 90% -99%.

Single matakin reverse osmosis tsari tsari kamar yadda ke ƙasa:

Cikakken reverse osmosis (RO) ruwa sarrafawa tsarin yawanci kunshi da pre-sarrafawa sassa, membrane sarrafawa sassa da kuma bayan sarrafawa sassa. Dangane da bukatun masu amfani da ingancin ruwa na gida don tsarin zane, akwai kayan aikin reverse osmosis guda ɗaya da kayan aikin reverse osmosis guda biyu, manyan sassan kayan aiki suna zaɓar sanannun samfuran alama, ingantaccen aiki, kwanciyar hankali da amintacce, ƙimar desalination na kayan aikin reverse osmosis guda ɗaya ya kai sama da 97%. Bayan wani matakin reverse osmosis kayan aiki magani, ruwa shiga matakin biyu reverse osmosis don sake sarrafawa don ƙarin desalination, rage lantarki conductivity, inganta tsabtace ruwa, tabbatar da cewa samfurin ruwa ya kai kasar tsabtace ruwa ka'idodin.

1, Raw ruwa: samuwa municipal ruwa mai ruwa, kogi ruwa, surface ruwa, karkashin kasa ruwa.

2, raw ruwa tanki (tafkin ruwa): da ruwa da matsin lamba na ruwa na birni a cikin rana yana canzawa, kuma samar da ruwa mai tsabta ya kasance mai kwanciyar hankali, saboda haka a cikin yanayin da ya dace da girman tashar ruwa mai tsabta, ana buƙatar kafa tankin ruwa na asali ko tafkin ruwa, don haka raw ruwa ya kasance a nan na ɗan lokaci, buffer.

Raw ruwa tanki yawanci amfani da roba ruwa tanki ko bakin karfe ruwa tanki, kuma za a iya amfani da karfe ƙarfe siminti tafkin. Daidaitawa damar bukatar la'akari da ruwa sarrafawa tsarin raw ruwa amfani da yawa, ruwa da ruwa na famfo, ruwa matsin lamba canje-canje yanayi, gabaɗaya bisa ga zane ruwa yawa 1.5-2.5 sau.

3, raw ruwa famfo: da raw ruwa kara matsin lamba zuwa pre-treatment tsarin, matsin lamba gabaɗaya sarrafa a 0.3 ~ 0.5M PA, tabbatar da ruwa matsin lamba da ake bukata da ruwa sarrafawa tsari, kwararar da kayan aiki ruwa samar bisa.

4, Pre-processing tsarin

Don inganta ingancin tsarin reverse osmosis, ana buƙatar yin ingantaccen maganin ruwa. A dace pre-treatment dogara ne akan ruwa tushen, raw ruwa maki da kuma aikace-aikace yanayi, kuma yafi dogara ne akan raw ruwa tushen ruwa, kamar ruwan rijiya, surface ruwa da kuma municipal tap ruwa da za a rarraba daban-daban. Yawancin lokaci, ingancin ruwan jirgin ruwa yana da kwanciyar hankali, da ƙananan yiwuwar gurɓataccen ruwa, yana buƙatar kawai sauƙin pre-magani, kamar matattarar Multimedia, matattarar Carbon mai aiki ko matattarar ƙuntatawa da matattarar tsaro ta 5μm. Kuma ruwan ƙasa yana da yiwuwar gurɓataccen cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta, tsarin maganin da ake buƙata ya fi rikitarwa. Sauran matakai da ake buƙatar pre-treatment sun haɗa da chlorination, flocculation / coagulation, bayyana, jakar tace, Multi-kafofin watsa labarai tace, aiki carbon tace, dechlorination, adding acid ko adding scavenger da sauransu.